Windshield washer fluid is a brightly colored liquid made of methanol, a poisonous alcohol. Some young children may mistake the fluid for juice, which can lead to accidental poisoning. Even small amounts can cause significant damage. This article discusses poisoning from swallowing windshield washer fluid.

See also: Methanol poisoning

This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should call your local emergency number (such as 911) or the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222.

• Methanol (methyl alcohol, wood alcohol)

• Windshield washer fluid (used to clean automobile windows)

• Abdominal pain
• Blindness
• Bluish skin (lips and fingernails)
• Blurred vision
• Breathing - rapid, shallow
• Breathing - stopped
• Coma
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Drop in blood pressure
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Leg cramps
• Nausea
• Seizures
• Vomiting
• Weakness

Seek immediate medical help. DO NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by Poison Control or a health care professional.

If possible, determine the following information:

• Patient's age, weight, and condition (for example, is the person awake or alert?)
• Name of the product (ingredients and strengths, if known)
• Time it was swallowed
• Amount swallowed

However, DO NOT delay calling for help if this information is not immediately available.

The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. This national hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.

This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the United States use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

See: Poison control center - emergency number

The health care provider will measure and monitor the patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Symptoms will be treated as appropriate. The patient may receive:

• Dialysis
• Medicines called folinic acid and bicarbonate
• Medicine (antidote) to reverse the effect of the poison (usually fomepizole and ethanol)
• Tube through the mouth or nose into the stomach to wash out the stomach (gastric lavage)

Methanol, the main ingredient in windshield washer fluid, is extremely poisonous. As little as 2 tablespoons can kill a child, while 2 to 8 ounces can be deadly for an adult. How well a patient does depends on how much was swallowed and how soon treatment was received.

Although many windshield washer fluids are a watered-down form of methanol, they can still be dangerous if swallowed.

Henry K. Deadly Ingestions. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006; 53(2): 293-315.

Michael JB. Deadly pediatric poisons: nine common agents that kill at low doses. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2004; 22(4): 1019-50.

Goldfrank LR, ed. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2006.