CHEM101: General Chemistry I

Gases, Liquids, and Solutions

$PV = nRT$

$P_{\textup{total}}=P_A+P_B+P_C+\cdots$

$\textup{Kelvin}=^{\circ}\textup{C}+273$

$P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2$

$\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}$

$\frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2}$

$d=\frac{m}{V}$

$KE_{\textup{per molecule}}=\frac{mV^2}{2}$

$\frac{r_1}{r_2}=\frac{\left ( M_1 \right )^{\frac{1}{2}}}{\left ( M_2 \right )^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

$\begin{matrix} M\\ \textup{(molarity)} \end{matrix} = \frac{\textup{moles solute}}{\textup{liter of solution}}$

$P$ = pressure, $V$ = volume, $T$ = temperature, $n$ = number of moles, $d$ = density, $m$ = mass, $v$ = velocity, $KE$ = kinetic energy, $r$ = rate of effusion, $M$ = molar mass, $Q$ = reaction quotient, $E^O$ = standard reduction potential, $K$ = equilibrium constant

$R\textup{, gas constant}=\frac{8.31\textup{ joules}}{\textup{mole}\cdot\textup{kelvin}}=0.0821\frac{\textup{liter}\cdot\textup{atm}}{\textup{mole}\cdot\textup{kelvin}}=8.31\frac{\textup{volts}\cdot\textup{coulombs}}{\textup{mole}\cdot\textup{kelvin}}$

Atomic Structure

$\Delta E=hv$ or $\Delta E=hf$

$c=v\lambda$ or $c=f\lambda$

$E$ = energy, $v$ = frequency or $f$ = frequency, $\lambda$ = wavelength, $\textit{v}$ = velocity, $c$ = speed of light = $3.00 \times 10^8 \frac{\textup{m}}{\textup{s}}$

Equilibrium

$K_w=1\times10^{-14}\textup{ at }25^{\circ}\textup{C}$

$\textup{pH}=-\textup{log}\left [ \textup{H}^+ \right ], \textup{ pOH}=-\textup{log}\left [ \textup{OH}^- \right ]$

$\textup{pH+pOH}=14$

$H^O$ = standard enthalpy, $E^O$ = standard reduction potential, $T$ = temperature, $q$ = heat, $c$ = specific heat capacity, $c_{\textup{water}}=\frac{4.18\textup{ joule}}{\textup{g K}}$, $H_f=\frac{330\textup{ joule}}{\textup{gram}}$ for water, $H_v=\frac{2260\textup{ joule}}{\textup{gram}}$ for water

Periodic Table of the Elements