Translation: Protein Synthesis

rRNA and tRNA are structural molecules that aid in protein synthesis but are not themselves translated into protein.

Protein synthesis, or translation of mRNA into protein, occurs with the help of ribosomes, tRNAs, and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.

Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation and can occur simultaneously.

Aside from the 22 standard amino acids, there are many other amino acids that are called non-proteinogenic or non-standard.

Ribosomes can get stuck on mRNAs, cells have ways of unsticking them.