Behavioral Perspectives

Behavioral science uses research and the scientific method to determine and understand behavior in the workplace.

Behaviorism initiated a focus on the psychological and human factors influencing workers.

The Hawthorne studies found that workers were more responsive to group involvement and managerial attention than to financial incentives.

McGregor introduced Theories X and Y, which summarize and compare the classical management and behavioral management perspectives.

Argyris's theory of single- and double-loop learning has been applied to management theory to suggest the best ways for employees to learn.